ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯎ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯦꯁꯟꯇꯦꯛꯁꯥꯁ, ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.

ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ
ꯀꯥꯎ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯦꯁꯟ

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯔꯃꯗ

ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯅꯤꯋꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯀꯤ 501(c)(3) ꯅꯟ-ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯐꯤꯠ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯃꯤꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯥꯏꯅꯤ: ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯅꯤꯋꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟꯂꯥꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯇ ꯑꯐꯕ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ, ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯂꯝ, ꯁꯦꯡꯂꯕ ꯂꯩꯐꯝ, ꯂꯥꯏꯌꯦꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯑꯃ ꯄꯤꯕꯅꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯤꯔꯝꯕ ꯑꯗꯨꯒ ꯆꯞ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅ꯫

ꯚꯤꯖꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯁꯟ

ꯚꯤꯖꯟ

ꯁꯅꯥꯇꯟ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯅ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯟꯕꯨ ꯏꯃꯥ, ꯒꯣꯃꯥꯇꯥ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯏꯪꯅ ꯍꯤꯡꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯑꯃ꯫

ꯃꯤꯁꯟ

ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕꯅ ꯃꯔꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ, ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯅꯥꯇꯟ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜꯂꯣꯟꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯅ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯕꯨ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯏ: ꯕꯦꯗꯒꯤ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯅ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤꯕꯒꯨꯝꯅ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟꯂꯥꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯀꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯑꯐꯕ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ, ꯍꯥꯡꯗꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯂꯝ, ꯑꯁꯣꯏ ꯑꯉꯥꯝ ꯌꯥꯎꯗꯕ ꯌꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯍꯛꯁꯦꯂꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕ꯫

ꯁꯅꯥꯇꯟ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯐꯥꯕ

ꯁꯅꯥꯇꯟ ꯙꯔꯝꯃ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯊꯗꯤ “ꯂꯣꯝꯕ ꯅꯥꯏꯗꯕ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ"ꯅꯤ: ꯊꯋꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯟꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ, ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯌꯣꯛꯈꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯁꯪꯒꯣꯝ ꯄꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯖꯥꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯃꯥꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯨꯡꯗ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯗꯥꯟ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯅꯠꯇꯦ; ꯃꯁꯤ ꯙꯔꯝꯃ ꯃꯁꯥꯃꯛꯅꯤ꯫

कृषिगोरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम्

ꯂꯧꯎ-ꯁꯤꯡꯎ, ꯁꯟ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯌꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡꯁꯤꯡꯅꯤ꯫

— ꯚꯒꯕꯗ ꯒꯤꯇꯥ 18.44
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯅ ꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯗ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ, ꯚꯥꯒꯕꯠ ꯄꯨꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ 1830꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯚꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯥꯔꯠ (ꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯗꯣꯃꯦꯏꯟ)
ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯅ ꯁꯟ ꯁꯦꯜꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯔꯨꯞꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯗ ꯍꯜꯂꯛꯄ, ꯚꯥꯒꯕꯠ ꯄꯨꯔꯥꯟ ꯑꯃꯗꯒꯤ, ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯥꯛꯅ 1830꯫ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯚꯂꯦꯟꯗ ꯃ꯭ꯌꯨꯖꯤꯌꯝ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯑꯥꯔꯠ (ꯄꯕ꯭ꯂꯤꯛ ꯗꯣꯃꯦꯏꯟ)

ꯕ꯭ꯔꯖꯗ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯟ ꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯨꯅ ꯂꯦꯞꯂꯝꯃꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯄꯨ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯅ ꯒꯣꯄꯥꯜ, ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯉꯥꯛꯄꯤꯕ ꯍꯥꯌꯅ ꯀꯧꯏ꯫

ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯅ ꯀꯩꯗꯧꯉꯩꯗꯁꯨ ꯁꯦꯟꯗꯣꯡꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯒꯣꯁꯥꯂꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯅꯕ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯈꯤꯗꯦ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯁꯟ ꯃꯆꯥꯁꯤꯡꯅ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯄꯨꯝꯕꯗ ꯃꯃꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯪꯒꯣꯝ ꯑꯍꯥꯅꯕꯗ ꯊꯛꯂꯝꯃꯤ; ꯂꯦꯝꯍꯧꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯪꯒꯣꯝ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯥꯀꯨꯔꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯠꯂꯝꯃꯤ ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯖꯥꯒꯤꯗꯃꯛ ꯘꯤ ꯁꯦꯝꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯔꯕ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯅꯕ ꯈꯛꯇꯅꯤ꯫

ꯑꯗꯣꯝꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯀꯔꯝꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯕꯒꯦ ꯍꯥꯌꯕꯗꯨ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯌꯦꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ꯫

ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯝ

ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯚꯣꯂꯟꯇꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯗꯣ. ꯑꯖꯌꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯖꯥꯅꯤ

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯠ

ꯗꯣ. ꯑꯖꯌꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯖꯥꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯂꯕ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ-ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯄꯤꯗꯤꯌꯥꯠꯔꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ (ꯑꯉꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯗꯥꯛꯇꯔ) ꯑꯃꯅꯤ, ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯕꯣꯛ, ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯥꯁꯇ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯃꯍꯩ-ꯃꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯑꯗꯨ 2007 ꯗ ꯑꯃꯦꯔꯤꯀꯥꯟ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯀꯣꯟꯇꯤꯅꯦꯟꯇꯦꯜ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤ, GA ꯗꯒꯤ GPA 4.0 ꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯍꯦꯜꯊꯀꯦꯌꯔꯗ MBA ꯐꯪꯕꯗ ꯌꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯒꯨꯖꯔꯥꯠ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯅꯦꯜ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯗ ꯕꯣꯔꯗ-ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ 1986 ꯗ ꯕꯦꯆꯦꯂꯔ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟ ꯑꯦꯟꯗ ꯁꯔꯖꯔꯤ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣ. ꯖꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯈꯪ-ꯑꯍꯩ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ. ꯑꯥꯔꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯗꯤꯄꯥꯔꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗꯤꯐꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯀꯣꯚꯦꯅꯦꯟꯇ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯨꯞ ꯑꯔꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯦꯌꯔ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯤꯅꯤꯛ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯃꯃꯤꯡ ꯆꯠꯂꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯁꯟ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯁꯟꯗꯣꯛꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯁꯔꯇꯤꯐꯥꯏꯗ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯁꯤꯌꯟ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯛꯌꯨꯇꯤꯚ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯗꯣ. ꯖꯥꯅꯤꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯂꯣꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯤꯌꯥꯝꯒꯤ ꯌꯥꯏꯐꯅꯕ ꯗꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯗꯁꯨ ꯌꯧꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ 1993 ꯗ ꯄꯨꯔꯥꯅꯥ ꯀꯥꯂꯤꯗꯍ, ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯟ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯇꯧꯔꯛꯈꯤ, ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯑꯥꯁ꯭ꯔꯃꯒꯤ ꯐꯖꯔꯕ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕꯗ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯄꯤ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯂꯕꯣꯛ, ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯥꯁꯇ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯄꯦꯇ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯃꯨꯂꯔ-ꯖꯥꯅꯤ

ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ

ꯄꯦꯠꯔꯥ ꯃꯨꯂꯔ-ꯖꯥꯅꯤ (ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯗꯦꯕꯤ) ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯤꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯐꯤꯂꯣꯁꯣꯐꯤ, ꯌꯣꯒ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯣꯂꯤꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯛ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯁꯤꯟꯗ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯕꯔꯂꯤꯟꯗ ꯐꯤꯖꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ 1986 ꯗ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯣꯒ, ꯑꯥꯌꯨꯔꯕꯦꯗ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯕꯥꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯇꯝꯅꯕ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯁꯥꯡꯅ ꯂꯩꯅꯕ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯍꯟꯖꯤꯟ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯖꯔꯃꯅꯤꯗ ꯐꯣꯡꯈꯤꯕ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯏꯔꯤꯛ ꯇꯔꯦꯠ ꯗ ꯌꯧꯍꯅꯈꯤ; ꯃꯈꯣꯏꯅ ꯄꯥꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯥꯌꯨꯔꯕꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯆꯥꯕ ꯆꯤꯟꯖꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯤꯡ ꯁꯛꯇꯥꯛꯏ꯫

ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒ ꯁꯛꯈꯪꯅꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯒꯤ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠꯇ ꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯅꯥꯔꯥꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯁ ꯕꯥꯕꯥꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯇꯝꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯕꯥꯕꯥꯖꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯇꯣꯞꯄ ꯃꯍꯩꯔꯣꯏꯁꯤꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯍꯧꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯅꯤꯋꯥꯁꯀꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯉꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯥꯁꯇ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯦꯁꯥꯖ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯁ꯭ꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ; ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕ ꯗꯣ. ꯑꯖꯌꯀꯨꯃꯥꯔ ꯖꯥꯅꯤꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ꯫

ꯖ꯭ꯌꯣꯇꯤ ꯆꯤꯠꯇꯨꯔ

ꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯠ

ꯖ꯭ꯌꯣꯇꯤ ꯆꯤꯠꯇꯨꯔ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯗ ꯌꯥꯝꯅ ꯂꯨꯅ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ, ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯝꯄ꯭ꯔꯗꯥꯌꯗ ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯕꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯄꯟꯗꯤꯠ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯟꯇ꯭ꯔ ꯊꯤꯕꯗ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯈꯤ꯫ ꯑꯣꯖꯥ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯅ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯕꯤꯗꯨꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯌꯣꯒ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯗ ꯇꯃꯈꯤ, ꯍꯛꯆꯥꯡꯒꯤ, ꯊꯋꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯨꯇꯀꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ꯫ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯃꯥꯅ ꯌꯣꯛꯈꯠꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ, ꯖ꯭ꯌꯣꯇꯤꯅ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯦꯕꯥꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥꯁꯤꯡ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯇꯤꯔꯨꯃꯂ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯃꯥꯆꯥꯔ꯭ꯌꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯨꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯣꯒꯒꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯔꯤ; ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ, ꯊꯋꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯂꯝꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯣꯒꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯀꯂꯥ ꯄꯨꯟꯅ ꯁꯝꯅꯔꯤꯕ ꯏꯅꯥꯛ ꯈꯨꯜꯂꯕ ꯍꯦꯔꯤꯇꯦꯖ ꯑꯃꯒꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯅꯜ ꯇꯂꯥꯇꯤ

ꯁꯦꯛꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ

ꯁꯣꯅꯜ ꯇꯂꯥꯇꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯒꯨꯖꯔꯥꯠꯇ ꯄꯣꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯌꯨ.ꯑꯦꯁ.ꯑꯦ.ꯗ ꯆꯠꯂꯕ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯄꯨꯔꯣꯏꯕꯅ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯀꯌꯥ ꯃꯄꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯗꯨꯅ ꯆꯂꯥꯏꯈꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯇꯦꯛꯁꯥꯁꯇ ꯂꯩꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯏꯁꯦꯟꯁ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯨꯔꯦꯟꯁ ꯑꯦꯖꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯂꯥꯏꯑꯦꯟꯇꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯦꯗꯤꯀꯦꯌꯔꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯥꯡꯗ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫

ꯁꯣꯅꯜ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯕ ꯏꯃꯨꯡ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯆꯥꯎꯔꯛꯈꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯒꯕꯗ ꯒꯤꯇꯥꯗ ꯌꯥꯎꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯁ꯭ꯅꯒꯤ ꯇꯝꯕꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡ ꯇꯃꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯃꯗꯣꯝꯗꯒꯤ ꯂꯥꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯣꯅꯜꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯏꯃꯨꯡꯗ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯗꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯆꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯖꯗ꯭ꯔꯤꯉꯩ ꯃꯃꯥꯡꯗ ꯑꯅꯧꯕ ꯊꯣꯡꯕ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯆꯄꯥꯇꯤ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯄꯤꯖꯕ ꯌꯦꯡꯂꯝꯃꯤ꯫ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯁꯤ, ꯒꯣ-ꯒ꯭ꯔꯥꯁ, ꯁꯅꯥꯇꯟ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯤꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ; ꯃꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯤꯑꯣꯏꯕ, ꯁꯥ-ꯉꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯃꯍꯧꯁꯥ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯀꯄꯨ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯩ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯁꯣꯅꯜꯅ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯀꯥꯎ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯇꯦꯛꯁꯟ ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯛꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ꯫

ꯀꯤꯔꯟ ꯇꯦꯂꯔ

ꯇ꯭ꯔꯦꯖꯔꯔ

ꯀꯤꯔꯟ ꯇꯦꯂꯔꯅ ꯆꯍꯤ ꯀꯨꯟ ꯍꯦꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯦꯁꯟꯗ ꯄꯨꯔꯛꯂꯤ; ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯍꯤꯁꯥꯕꯀꯤ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯄꯨꯝꯅꯃꯛ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫ ꯑꯦꯁꯣꯁꯤꯌꯦꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯆꯥꯔꯇꯔꯗ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯦꯀꯥꯎꯟꯇꯦꯟꯇꯁ (ACMA) ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ, ꯀꯤꯔꯟꯅ ꯌꯨ.ꯀꯦ.ꯗ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯀꯦꯔꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯃ ꯁꯦꯝꯈꯤ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯀꯣꯔꯄꯣꯔꯦꯠ ꯐꯥꯏꯅꯥꯟꯁ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ M&A (ꯃꯔꯖꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯑꯦꯛꯋꯤꯖꯤꯁꯟ) ꯒꯤ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯕꯗ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯅ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯏ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛꯀꯤ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯃꯄꯥꯟꯗ, ꯀꯤꯔꯟ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯑꯉꯥꯡ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯉꯩꯗꯒꯤ ꯚꯛꯇꯤ ꯌꯣꯒꯒꯤ ꯇꯨꯡꯏꯟꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯛꯂꯤ꯫ ꯊꯋꯥꯏꯒꯤ ꯌꯨꯝꯐꯝ ꯑꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯀꯄꯨ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯕꯦꯗꯤꯛ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯗꯤꯖꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯅꯥꯔꯥꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯁ ꯕꯥꯕꯥꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯤꯁ꯭ꯌ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ, ꯀꯤꯔꯟꯅ ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯦꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ-ꯊꯨꯃꯒꯤ ꯀꯟꯅ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯟꯕꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯒꯧꯗꯤꯌ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯕ ꯆꯠꯅꯕꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕ ꯐꯤꯂꯣꯁꯣꯐꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯙꯟ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯅꯕ ꯂꯦꯞꯇꯅ ꯍꯣꯠꯅꯕꯁꯨ ꯆꯥꯡ ꯃꯥꯟꯅꯅ ꯄꯨꯃꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ꯫

ꯔꯣꯛ ꯖꯣꯔꯀꯣ

ꯚꯥꯏꯁ ꯗꯥꯏꯔꯦꯛꯇꯔ

ꯔꯣꯛ ꯖꯣꯔꯀꯣ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯂꯕ ꯂꯂꯣꯟ-ꯏꯇꯤꯛ ꯄꯥꯡꯊꯣꯛꯄ, ꯁꯦꯜ ꯊꯥꯗꯕ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯂꯨꯆꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ; ꯃꯍꯥꯛ “Talking Tom & Friends” ꯐ꯭ꯔꯦꯟꯆꯥꯏꯖꯒꯤ ꯃꯇꯨꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯤꯕ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯒꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯏꯟꯇꯔꯇꯦꯟꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤ Outfit7 ꯒꯤ ꯀꯣ-ꯐꯥꯎꯟꯗꯔ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯈꯪꯅꯩ꯫ ꯀꯝꯄꯦꯅꯤ ꯑꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯇ ꯃꯦꯅꯦꯖꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ Outfit7 ꯕꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯣꯚꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ “ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯀꯣꯔꯟ” ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕꯗ ꯃꯔꯨ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ ꯊꯧꯗꯥꯡ ꯂꯧꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ 2017 ꯗ ꯃꯁꯤꯒꯤ ꯄꯨꯋꯥꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯕ $1 ꯕꯤꯂꯤꯌꯟꯒꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯟꯕꯗ ꯌꯧꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯉꯁꯤ ꯔꯣꯛꯅ B2C ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯍꯅꯕ, ꯒꯦꯃꯤꯡ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯈꯪ-ꯑꯍꯩꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯑꯔꯨꯕ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ Silicon Gardens ꯗ ꯖꯦꯅꯦꯔꯦꯜ ꯄꯥꯔꯇꯅꯔ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯁꯤꯖꯤꯟꯅꯔꯤ; ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ “Founders for Founders” ꯏꯟꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯤꯠꯌꯦꯡ ꯊꯝꯃꯤ, ꯃꯌꯥꯏ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯅꯣꯡꯄꯣꯛ ꯌꯨꯔꯣꯄꯀꯤ ꯊꯨꯅ ꯆꯥꯎꯈꯠꯂꯤꯕ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯇꯑꯞꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯑꯍꯧꯕ ꯃꯇꯃꯒꯤ ꯁꯦꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯇꯑꯞꯀꯤ ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯃꯗ ꯊꯋꯥꯏ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡꯕꯤꯕ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ, ꯔꯣꯛꯅ Bird Buddy (2021 ꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯂꯣꯚꯦꯅꯤꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯇꯥꯔꯇꯑꯞ ꯑꯣꯐ ꯗꯤ ꯏꯌꯔ) ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯋꯥ ꯉꯥꯡꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯦꯔꯥꯄꯤꯒꯤ ꯑꯦꯞ Blub Blub ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯑꯆꯧꯕ ꯃꯥꯏ ꯄꯥꯛꯄ ꯀꯌꯥꯗ ꯄꯥꯎꯇꯥꯛ ꯄꯤꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯈꯣꯡꯆꯠ ꯑꯁꯤ — ꯁꯔꯆ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯟ Najdi.si ꯗ ꯂꯩꯔꯝꯕ ꯑꯍꯥꯟꯕ ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠꯁꯤꯡꯗꯒꯤ Ninaz Limited ꯇ ꯃꯈꯜ ꯀꯌꯥꯒꯤ ꯏꯟꯚꯦꯁ꯭ꯇꯃꯦꯟꯇ ꯄꯣꯔꯇꯐꯣꯂꯤꯑꯣꯁꯤꯡ ꯁꯤꯟꯅꯕ ꯐꯥꯎꯕ — ꯄ꯭ꯔꯣꯗꯛꯇꯀꯤ ꯋꯥꯈꯜ ꯈꯟꯕꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯚꯦꯟꯆꯔꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯔꯥꯡꯒꯤ ꯑꯈꯟꯅꯕ ꯄꯨꯟꯁꯤꯟꯕ ꯑꯃꯅ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯇꯥꯛꯏ꯫

ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯇ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯑꯩꯈꯣꯏꯒꯤ ꯇꯤꯝ

ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯂꯩꯕ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯌꯥꯔꯤꯕ ꯚꯣꯂꯟꯇꯤꯌꯔꯁꯤꯡ꯫

ꯗꯣ. ꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯅꯥꯔꯥꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯁ

ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯠ

ꯗꯣ. ꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯅꯥꯔꯥꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯁ, 9 ꯖꯨꯟ 1954 ꯗ ꯄꯣꯛꯄ, ꯑꯁꯤ ꯃꯁꯛ ꯊꯣꯛꯄ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯒꯧꯗꯤꯌ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯕ ꯄꯟꯗꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁꯥꯙꯛ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯑꯥꯒ꯭ꯔꯥ ꯌꯨꯅꯤꯚꯔꯁꯤꯇꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯀ꯭ꯔꯤꯠꯇ PhD, ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯑꯥꯏꯟꯗ ꯗꯤꯒ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯑꯃ, IIT ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯦꯀꯥꯅꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗ B.Tech ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯤꯑꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯗ M.Tech ꯐꯪꯈꯤ꯫ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯒꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯒꯣꯁꯥꯂꯥꯒꯤ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯏꯟꯁꯇꯤꯇ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯁꯦꯝꯕꯤꯕ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯨꯔꯨ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯗ ꯅꯨꯡꯁꯤꯕ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯑꯣꯏꯔꯤꯕ ꯁꯟ ꯉꯥꯛ-ꯁꯦꯟꯕ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯊꯋꯥꯏ ꯌꯥꯎꯅ ꯉꯥꯛꯇꯨꯅ ꯊꯝꯂꯤ꯫ ꯕꯦꯗꯀꯤ ꯂꯧꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛꯁꯤꯡꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯒꯤ ꯍꯩꯁꯤꯡꯕ ꯑꯗꯨ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯨꯅ, ꯗꯣ. ꯁꯇ꯭ꯌꯅꯥꯔꯥꯌꯟ ꯗꯥꯁꯅ ꯒꯧꯗꯤꯌ ꯕꯩꯁ꯭ꯅꯕ ꯙꯔꯝꯃꯗ ꯃꯨꯠꯊꯠꯄ ꯉꯝꯗꯕ ꯈꯨꯗꯝ ꯑꯃ ꯊꯝꯈ꯭ꯔꯦ꯫ 2012 ꯗ ꯚꯥꯔꯠꯀꯤ ꯔꯥꯁ꯭ꯠꯔꯄꯇꯤꯗꯒꯤ ꯃꯅꯥ ꯑꯃꯒ ꯂꯣꯏꯅꯅ ꯏꯀꯥꯏ ꯈꯨꯝꯅꯕ ꯎꯠꯈꯤꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛ ꯑꯁꯤ ꯖꯤꯕ ꯒꯣꯁ꯭ꯕꯥꯃꯤꯒꯤ ꯏꯕꯁꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯍꯤꯡꯂꯤꯕ ꯃꯀꯣꯛ ꯊꯣꯡꯕ ꯁꯥꯙꯛ-ꯄꯟꯗꯤꯠ ꯑꯃꯅꯤ꯫

ꯁꯟꯗꯤꯞ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯜ

ꯁꯦꯛꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ

ꯁꯟꯗꯤꯞ ꯃꯤꯠꯇꯜ, ꯏꯂꯦꯛꯠꯔꯤꯀꯦꯜ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔꯤꯡꯒꯤ ꯒ꯭ꯔꯦꯖꯨꯌꯦꯠ ꯑꯃ, ꯅ 2003 ꯗ ꯃꯁꯥꯒꯤ ꯑꯄꯥꯝꯕꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯠꯔꯤꯐꯥꯎꯕ ꯆꯍꯤ 14 ꯗꯤꯜꯂꯤ ꯕꯤꯗ꯭ꯌꯨꯠ ꯕꯣꯔꯗꯇ ꯑꯦꯛꯁꯤꯛꯌꯨꯇꯤꯚ ꯏꯟꯖꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯈꯤ꯫ 1993 ꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯊꯧꯖꯥꯜ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯗꯤꯛꯁꯥ ꯐꯪꯈꯤ, ꯃꯁꯤꯅ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥꯗ ꯄꯨꯛꯅꯤꯡ ꯆꯪꯕ ꯍꯧꯍꯅꯈꯤ꯫ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯅ ꯏꯊꯤꯜ ꯄꯤꯗꯨꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ 2001 ꯗ ꯈꯨꯔꯖꯥꯗ ꯁꯤꯅꯤꯌꯔ ꯁꯦꯀꯦꯟꯗꯔꯤ ꯁ꯭ꯀꯨꯜ ꯑꯃ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ꯫ 2003 ꯗ, ꯚꯛꯇꯤꯅ ꯏꯟꯁꯤꯟꯗꯨꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥꯗ ꯃꯇꯝ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯟ-ꯊꯨꯝ ꯍꯦꯟꯅ ꯀꯠꯊꯣꯛꯅꯕ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯀꯤ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯊꯥꯗꯣꯛꯈꯤ꯫ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯗꯦꯕꯀꯤ ꯂꯃꯖꯤꯡ ꯇꯨꯡ ꯏꯟꯗꯨꯅ, ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯗ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯍꯔꯤꯗꯥꯁ ꯁꯥꯁ꯭ꯇ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯒꯣ ꯁꯦꯕꯥ ꯁꯪꯁ꯭ꯊꯥꯟ ꯂꯤꯡꯈꯠꯈꯤ; ꯃꯐꯝ ꯑꯗꯨꯗ ꯃꯍꯥꯛꯅ ꯁꯦꯛꯔꯦꯇꯔꯤ ꯑꯣꯏꯅ ꯊꯕꯛ ꯇꯧꯔꯤ, ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯒꯨꯔꯨꯗꯦꯕꯅ ꯄ꯭ꯔꯦꯁꯤꯗꯦꯟꯇ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯒꯤ ꯃꯈꯥꯗ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥ, ꯃꯟꯗꯤꯔ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯁ꯭ꯔꯤ ꯒꯧꯔ ꯒꯗꯥꯙꯔ ꯂꯥꯏꯕ꯭ꯔꯦꯔꯤ ꯌꯦꯡꯁꯤꯜꯂꯤ꯫

ꯃꯍꯥꯔꯥꯖ ꯖꯤꯒꯤ ꯒꯣ-ꯁꯦꯕꯥꯒꯤ ꯁꯔꯨꯛ ꯑꯃ ꯑꯣꯏꯕꯤꯌꯨ

ꯁꯟ ꯑꯃ ꯌꯣꯛꯄꯤꯌꯨ, ꯁꯟꯒꯤ ꯀꯥꯡꯂꯨꯞ ꯑꯃꯗ ꯃꯇꯦꯡ ꯄꯥꯡꯕꯤꯌꯨ, ꯅꯠꯇ꯭ꯔꯒ ꯑꯃꯨꯛ ꯈꯛꯇ ꯄꯤꯕꯤꯌꯨ — ꯗꯥꯟ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯡꯃꯛꯅ ꯕ꯭ꯔꯤꯟꯗꯥꯕꯟꯒꯤ ꯁꯟꯁꯤꯡꯕꯨ ꯆꯥꯍꯜꯂꯤ, ꯂꯩꯐꯝ ꯄꯤꯔꯤ ꯑꯃꯁꯨꯡ ꯂꯥꯌꯦꯡꯏ꯫

ꯍꯧꯖꯤꯛ ꯗꯥꯟ ꯇꯧꯕꯤꯌꯨ